Identification and evaluation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of Rubus ellipticus leaves

Anjana  Kumari; Vinit  Prakash; Dinesh  Gupta; Lokender  Kashyap; Rajat Goyal; Hitesh  Chopra; Rupesh K.  Gautam; Sandip  Chakraborty; Deepak  Chandran; Kuldeep  Dhama

doi:10.52225/narra.v3i3.152

Authors

Anjana Kumari Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Ambala College of Enginnering and Applied Research, Devsthali, Ambala, India
Vinit Prakash Department of Applied Sciences, Global Group of Institutes, Amritsar, India
Dinesh Gupta Department of Silviculture and Forestry, University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4624-3978
Lokender Kashyap Department of Agriculture, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
Rajat Goyal MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5702-0932
Hitesh Chopra Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
Rupesh K. Gautam Indore Institute of Pharmacy, IIST Campus, Indore, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-5410
Sandip Chakraborty Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-3281
Deepak Chandran Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-6969
Kuldeep Dhama Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-4752

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v3i3.152

Keywords:

Rubus ellipticus, phytochemical, GC-MS, antimicrobial, anti-arthritis

Abstract

Rubus ellipticus is a native plant to India's tropical and subtropical regions and has been used as a traditional medicinal. The aim of the study was to identify and evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-arthritis activities of hydroethanolic extract of R. ellipticus leaves (HEERE). The leaves were collected from the Narkanda Valley, India and were shade-dried and finely ground to produce the powder. The hydroethanolic extract was utilized for phytochemical analysis to determine the existence of carbohydrate, phenolic, terpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, glycoside, tannin, protein, and alkaloid. The HEERE was further analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the characterization of the phytoconstituents. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus as well as Aspergillus niger. To assess its anti-arthritic activities, different doses of HEERE were given orally to complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced albino Wistar rats for twenty-one days. The GC-MS analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from leaves detected and identified the presence of 33 phytochemical compounds. HEERE showed significant effects against E. coli, S. aureus, and A. niger strains at 600 ppm. Our data indicated that HEERE 200 mg/kg was more effective than 50 mg/kg as anti-arthritis. Paw volume, ankle-joint diameter, the number of leucocytes, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were all significantly reduced in experimental rats. Furthermore, when compared to respective standard drugs, the body weight, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and synobium healing effect have all improved. These data demonstrated the potential of R. ellipticus for the long-term investigation of antimicrobial and anti-arthritic properties.